Global drought is one of humanity’s increasing challenges and affects the lives of millions of people around the world. Some of the contributing factors include climate change, deforestation, and unsustainable agricultural practices. Research from the World Resources Institute shows that more than 2 billion people currently live in conditions of water shortage, and this number is expected to continue to grow. Climate change has a significant impact on rainfall patterns that underlie water availability. As global temperatures rise, many regions experience extreme weather, including higher temperatures and irregular rain. Therefore, areas that were previously fertile have now become dry and unproductive. Meanwhile, deforestation contributes to the loss of soil moisture and reduces the environment’s capacity to absorb water. As a result, the ecosystem is increasingly threatened. Unsustainable agricultural practices, such as excessive use of irrigation and monoculture cultivation, also exacerbate these conditions. Continuous use of large amounts of water depletes groundwater resources. To overcome this problem, a comprehensive approach is needed that includes sustainable water resource management, community awareness, and forest replanting. At the community level, the impacts of drought are complex. Water shortages lead to food crises, especially in developing countries that depend on agriculture for their livelihoods. Disrupted agricultural production could cause food prices to spike and increase the risk of famine. In addition, communities are forced to move in search of water, which can result in conflict between communities and exacerbate social tensions. Global drought also has a significant economic impact. The agricultural sector, which provides jobs and income for millions of people, is threatened by climate change and decreasing water availability. This sector contributes to GDP in many countries, so its economic impact is felt far and wide. Agricultural losses could trigger mass migration, resulting in urbanization and increased burden on city infrastructure. In facing this drought challenge, it is important to adopt new technologies that can help manage water resources more efficiently. For example, advanced weather monitoring technology can help farmers better predict and utilize rainfall. Smart irrigation systems can increase the efficiency of water use in agriculture. Global awareness about drought is also increasing. Many international organizations, such as the UN, have introduced initiatives to address this problem. For example, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) emphasize the importance of managing water resources to achieve prosperity. Cross-border cooperation is needed to effectively deal with drought, involving the exchange of technology and knowledge between countries. Addressing global drought requires an integrated approach that includes conservation, innovation and community participation. By working together globally and locally, communities can develop sustainable strategies that help overcome these challenges and maintain the sustainability of water resources for future generations.